An enanthema is a lesion of the mucous membranes, such as the oral mucosa, conjunctiva and external genitalia. (See also Evaluation of the Dermatologic Patient andDiagnostic Tests for Skin Disorders.). Shades of blue, silver, and gray can result from deposition of drugs or metals in the skin, including minocycline, amiodarone, and silver (argyria). Papules are elevated lesions usually < 10 mm in diameter that can be felt or palpated. Primary lesions are abnormalities that result as a direct effect of a disease. Lesions of psoriasis and granuloma annulare commonly form plaques. Umbilicated lesions have a central indentation and are usually viral. Erosion: intraepithelial loss of epidermis, usually heals without scarring, moist, circumscribed, usually depressed lesion due to loss of all or part of the epidermis e.g. Existing feature sets have defined many low-level ... where A B and A B are morphological erosion and dilation, defined as: A B = \ b2B A b (3) A B = [b2B A b (4) where A ... this example, fB 1 = 0:0910 Thus the points of the shape border are transformed into In addition, the skin can serve as a window for the evaluation of internal health and disease. Auspitz sign is the appearance of pinpoint bleeding after scale is removed from plaques in psoriasis. Vascular lesions or tumors, such as Kaposi sarcoma and hemangiomas, can appear purple. Scars are areas of fibrosis that replace normal skin after injury. Erosion. Some skin lesions have visible or palpable texture that suggests a diagnosis. Wheals are pruritic and red. Merck and Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ, USA (known as MSD outside the US and Canada) is a global healthcare leader working to help the world be well. Excoriations may be linear or focal. This language, reviewed here, can be used to describe any skin finding. Violet skin may result from cutaneous hemorrhage or vasculitis. Classic autoimmune bullous diseases include pemphigus vulgaris and bullous pemphigoid. Koebner phenomenon describes the development of lesions within areas of trauma (eg, caused by scratching, rubbing, or injury). Induration is characteristic of panniculitis, some skin infections, and cutaneous metastatic cancers. Furthermore, skin lesions can be broken down into two major groups: primary and secondary. Green fingernails suggest Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection. Examples include molluscum contagiosum and herpes simplex. Bullae also may occur in inherited disorders of skin fragility. The major types and characteristics of skin lesions are given in . Ulcers on lower leg trauma. We do not control or have responsibility for the content of any third-party site. Click for word document: Approach to Skin Lesions Background. Secondary lesions of herpes zoster. Discoid lupus erythematosus has characteristic lesions on sun-exposed skin of the face, especially the forehead, nose, and the conchal bowl of the ear. Example: Scabies. Darier sign refers to rapid swelling of a lesion when stroked. Full thickness sores are ulcers. Examples include cysts, lipomas, and fibromas. Are ulcers primary or secondary. Close inspection Size of the lesion(s) Assess the size of the lesion(s): measure their width and height (if raised). Serpiginous lesions have linear, branched, and curving elements. (NICHD) Vesicles are characteristic of herpes infections, acute allergic contact dermatitis, and some autoimmune blistering disorders (eg, dermatitis herpetiformis). Particular body parts are affected (eg, palms or soles, scalp, mucosal membranes). Epub 2011 Apr 20 doi: 10.1159/000324903. Distribution is random or patterned, symmetric or asymmetric. Deep dermal nevi appear blue. Last full review/revision Feb 2019| Content last modified Feb 2019, © 2020 Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp., a subsidiary of Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ, USA), © 2021 Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp., a subsidiary of Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ, USA, Cross-section of the skin and skin structures, Musculoskeletal and Connective Tissue Disorders. Nikolsky sign is epidermal shearing that occurs with gentle lateral pressure on seemingly uninvolved skin in patients with toxic epidermal necrolysis and some autoimmune bullous diseases. Secondary lesions, on the other … But nevertheless, we note that erosive lesions are mainly localized on the epithelium of the face, genitals, hands, mucous membrane of the oral cavity, and also in the area of natural folds. Induration, or deep thickening of the skin, can result from edema, inflammation, or infiltration, including by cancer. Examples include nevi, warts, lichen planus, insect bites, seborrheic keratoses, actinic keratoses, some lesions of acne, and skin cancers. The following are examples of skin lesions: Freckles are collections of brown pigment that typically occur in children, morphing into age-spots in adults. When brown spots begin to raise up, they may be benign seborrheic keratoses. It is usually produced by induration of the dermis and/or subcutaneous tissue. It is accompanied by peripheral inflammatory flush. Keloids are hypertrophic scars that extend beyond the original wound margin. Please confirm that you are a health care professional. There are many risk factors for PUs, which include age > 65 years, decreased mobility, and impaired sensation, among others. Thousands of new, high … WikiMatrix Their age is also shown by the rather mild nature of the reliefs, with a few peaks over 1000 m of altitude, presenting what remains of the superficial erosion which has partly left untouched the magmatic intrusions and the metamorphic rocks originated before the Variscan orogeny. Fissure: linear, often painful breaks within the skin surface, as a result of excessive xerosis (dryness of skin). Fluid is often visible and the lesions are translucent 24. Lesions are on sun-exposed or protected skin. Skin erosion: Skin erosion is a loss of some or all of the epidermis (the outer layer) leaving a denuded surface. Crusting can occur in inflammatory or infectious skin diseases (eg, impetigo). Each type of injury creates a complex set of skin responses, such as erythema, macules, papules, pustules, vesicles/bullae, erosion, and ulcers. Examples include nevi, warts, lichen planus, insect bites, seborrheic keratoses, actinic keratoses, some lesions of acne, and skin cancers. Sclerosis: Sclerosis refers to a circumscribed, diffuse hardening or induration in the skin. To do that, you need to know how to describe a lesion with the associated language.